Articles by Patrick Dixon
"Bone marrow and other tissues could repair your brain,
spinal cord and heart and cure diabetes or old-age blindness. Adult
stem cells promise investor returns while embryonic stem cells
and therapeutic cloning raise major ethical, legal, and image problems."
"Another study has shown that bone marrow stem cells from
an adult human can form healthy brain tissue. This should not surprise
us: all adult stem cells of course contain all the genetic code
needed to produce an entire clone of the adult and so are well
able, in theory, to produce whatever tissues or organs are needed."
Future of Stem Cell Research: Rapid Progress
"Harvard Medical School is another center of astonishing progress
in adult stem cells. Trials have shown partially restored sight
in animals with retinal damage. Clinical trials are expected within
five years, using adult stem cells as a treatment to cure blindness
caused by macular degeneration - old-age blindness and the commonest
cause of sight- loss in America. Within 10 years it is hoped that
people will be able to be treated routinely with their own stem
cells in a clinic using a two-hour process."
Do stem cells really repair tissue?
For several years there has been a curious and very confusing
debate in editorials of publications like the New England Journal
of Medicine about whether adult stem cells actually regenerate
tissue or not.
The debate centers on technical questions and semantics, rather
than the reality of results.
Take for example heart repair. We
know that bone marrow cells can land up in a damaged heart and
when present, the heart is repaired. It is hard to be certain what
proportion of this remarkable process is due to stimulants released
locally by bone marrow cells, or by the bone marrow cells actually
differentiating into heart tissue.
It remains a confusing picture, not the least because in the
lab, cells seem to change character profoundly, but in clinical
trials it appears the effects of many stem cells are stimulatory.
But who cares? As a clinician I am delighted if injecting your
bone marrow cells into your back means that you are walking around
3 months after a terrible injury to your spine instead of being
in a wheelchair for the rest of your life. I am not so concerned
with exactly how it all works, and nor will you be.